Dose prediction of diesel exhaust particulates in the lungs

Thesis/Dissertation · Wed Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1986

OSTI ID:6514393

Xu, G B

This study is directed towards developing a model for predicting the dose commitment and retention of diesel exhaust particulates in the lungs under various exposure conditions. To this end, a particle model is first developed to describe the dynamic characteristics of diesel exhaust particulates (DEP), which are usually in the form of clustered aggregates. Based upon the existing data on lung geometries, deposition calculations are performed for humans as well as for laboratory animals (rats, hamsters, guinea pigs). Under normal breathing conditions, the percentage of deposition in the alveolar region in human adults was found to be between 7% and 14% with the average value of 10%. The deposition pattern of DEP in humans was found to be similar for all ages; however, with the exception of alveolar deposition at very early ages, total and regional deposition of DEP in children was always higher than adults under identical exposure conditions. Deposition predictions involving (rats) compared favorably with the available data, and showed similarities to those of humans. Modeling the retention of DEP in the respiratory tract has also been attempted. Tentative results from the retention model agree well with experimental data obtained from rats. However, care must be taken when quantitatively extrapolating animal deposition data to humans since the long term clearance of DEP seems to be dose level related and varies with different species.

• Research Organization: State Univ. of New York, Buffalo (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6514393
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AGE DEPENDENCE
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY
BODY
DIESEL ENGINES
ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
FLUIDS
FORECASTING
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
GUINEA PIGS
HAMSTERS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEAT ENGINES
INHALATION
INTAKE
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
MAN
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE
ORGANS
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
PRIMATES
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RETENTION
RODENTS
SAFETY STANDARDS
STANDARDS
VERTEBRATES
WASTES