Chemical oxidizers treat wastewater
- Dames Moore, Phoenix, AZ (United States)
Based on the inherent benefits of these original oxidation systems, a second generation of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has emerged. These processes combine key features of the first generation technologies with more sophisticated advances in UV technology, such as the new pulsed plasma xenon flash lamp that emits high-energy, high-intensity UV light. Second generation systems can be equipped with a transmittance controller to prevent lamp fouling or scaling. The coupling of the first generation's technology with the new UV sources provides the rapid destruction of chlorinated and nonchlorinated hydrocarbons and humic acids from contaminated water. It also is effective in the treatment of organic laden gases from soil vapor extraction systems. AOPs may promote the oxidation (and subsequent removal) of heavy metals in water, though few data are available to verify the claim. The success of AOPs, including ozonation with UV light, hydrogen peroxide with UV light and advanced photolysis, is linked with their creation of hydroxyl-free radicals (OH[center dot]) that are effective in eliminating contaminants such as formaldehyde, chlorinated hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. Hydroxyl free-radicals are consumed in microsecond reactions and exhibit little substrate selectivity with the exception of halogenated alkanes such as chloroform. They can act as chain carriers. Given their power, hydroxyl free-radicals react with virtually all organic solutes more quickly (especially in water) than any other oxidants, except fluorine. There are projects that have found the combination of some AOPs to be the most efficient organic destruction techniques for the job. For example, one project successfully remediated groundwater contaminated with gasoline and Number 2 diesel through successive treatments of ozone and hydrogen peroxide with ultraviolet light, followed by granular activated carbon. 5 refs., 2 tabs.
- OSTI ID:
- 6502590
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Protection; (United States), Journal Name: Environmental Protection; (United States) Vol. 3:10; ISSN 1057-4298; ISSN ENPRET
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Laboratory assessment of advanced oxidation processes for treatment of explosives and chlorinated solvents in groundwater from the former Nebraska ordnance plant. Final report
Pilot scale evaluation of peroxone for treatment of contaminated groundwater. Technical report
Related Subjects
020800 -- Petroleum-- Waste Management
020900 -- Petroleum-- Environmental Aspects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540320* -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
ACTIVATED CARBON
ADSORBENTS
ALDEHYDES
CARBON
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DIESEL FUELS
DISTILLATES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FORMALDEHYDE
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GAS OILS
GASOLINE
GROUND WATER
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
HYDROXYL RADICALS
LIQUID FUELS
LIQUID WASTES
MANAGEMENT
NONMETALS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDIZERS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONIZATION
PEROXIDES
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES
PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION
PROCESSING
RADIATIONS
RADICALS
SOILS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTE WATER
WASTES
WATER
WET OXIDATION PROCESSES