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In vitro red blood cell assay for oxidant toxicity of petroleum oil

Journal Article · · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States)
;  [1]
  1. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon (Canada)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Petroleum oil has caused hemolytic anemia in birds and mammals. In birds, an oxidant damage on circulating red cells has been identified as the primary toxic effect of ingested petroleum oils. An in vitro red blood cell assay was developed to discriminate among the oxidant activities of different petroleum oils. The assay used rabbit red blood cells with a rat liver enzyme system and formation of methemoglobin was measured as an indicator of oxidant damage to the red cells. The assay was applied to five different petroleum oils and to naphthalene, a petroleum hydrocarbon known to cause hemolytic anemia. Different petroleum oils differed in their capacity to induce methemoglobin formation. Methemoglobin levels varied from 2.9% with Arabian light crude oil to 6.2% with South Louisiana crude oil. Naphthalene induced formation of up to 37% methemoglobin. Naphthalene and the five petroleum oils generated methemoglobin only in the presence of liver enzymes.
OSTI ID:
6500993
Journal Information:
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States), Journal Name: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States) Vol. 12:5; ISSN ETOCDK; ISSN 0730-7268
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANEMIAS
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
BIOASSAY
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
DISEASES
ENERGY SOURCES
ERYTHROCYTES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GLOBINS
HEMIC DISEASES
HEMOGLOBIN
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
IN VITRO
INGESTION
INTAKE
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
METHEMOGLOBIN
NAPHTHALENE
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM
PIGMENTS
PORPHYRINS
PROTEINS
RABBITS
SENSITIVITY
SYMPTOMS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES