Extraction of carboxylic acids by amine extractants
This work examines the chemistry of solvent extraction by long-chain amines for recovery of carboxylic acids from dilute aqueous solution. Long-chain amines act as complexing agents with the acid, which facilitates distribution of the acid into the organic phase. The complexation is reversible, allowing for recovery of the acid from the organic phase and regeneration of the extractant. Batch extraction experiments were performed to study the complexation of acetic, lactic, succinic, malonic, fumaric, and maleic acids with Alamine 336, an aliphatic, tertiary amine extractant, dissolved in various diluents. Results were interpreted by a ''chemical'' model, in which stoichiometric ratios of acid and amine molecules are assumed to form complexes in the solvent phase. From fitting of the extraction data, the stoichiometry of complexes formed and the corresponding equilibrium constants were obtained. The results of the model were combined with infrared spectroscopic experiments and results of past studies to analyze the chemical interactions that are responsible for extraction behavior. The information from the equilibrium studies was used to develop guidelines for large-scale staged extraction and regeneration schemes. A novel scheme, in which the diluent composition is shifted between extraction and regeneration, was developed which could achieve both high solute recovery and high product concentration. 169 refs., 57 figs., 15 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC03-76SF00098
- OSTI ID:
- 6479901
- Report Number(s):
- LBL-25571; ON: DE89008486
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
400105* -- Separation Procedures
400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
ACETIC ACID
AMINES
AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHELATING AGENTS
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
COMPLEXES
DATA
DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS
DISPERSIONS
EQUATIONS
EQUILIBRIUM
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
EXTRACTION
FUMARIC ACID
HYDROXY ACIDS
INFORMATION
KINETICS
LACTIC ACID
MALEIC ACID
MALONIC ACID
MIXTURES
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
REACTION KINETICS
REGENERATION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLUTIONS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SOLVENT PROPERTIES
STOICHIOMETRY
SUCCINIC ACID
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS