Photochemical air pollutants and vegetation injury

Journal Article · Mon Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1979 · Symp. Environ. Poll. Toxicol.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6475251

Taylor, O C

Photochemical oxidants known to be phytotoxic include ozone (O/sub 3/), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and nitrogen dioxide (NO/sub 2/). Ozone, intermediate in phytotoxicity, is responsible for the major part of the reported vegetation injury in the field. Injury symptoms range from suppressed growth and yield, with little or no visible injury, to a variety of patterns of chlorosis and necrosis on leaves. Typically, necrotic stipple, bleach and chlorotic flecking is most pronounced on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface. PAN injury is usually described as glazing, bronzing or silvering of the lower (abaxial) leaf surface. Bifacial collapse of rapidly growing leaf tissue often results in diffuse transverse bands of injury on young leaves. Nitrogen dioxide is much less toxic than PAN and O/sub 3/ and injury from NO/sub 2/ is seldom observed in the field. The critical concentration of oxidant required to produce detectable injury is influenced by genetic variation, edaphic and climatic factors, and the presence of other phytotoxic chemicals in the atmosphere. Ozone has been reported to produce injury when concentrations exceed about 5 pphM. The critical concentration of PAN is about 10 ppB. 19 references, 5 figures, 1 table.

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, Riverside
• OSTI ID: 6475251
• Journal Information: Symp. Environ. Poll. Toxicol.; (United States), Journal Name: Symp. Environ. Poll. Toxicol.; (United States) Vol. 5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560303* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Plants-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
AROMATICS
AZINES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY
CHALCOGENIDES
CLIMATES
DIAZO COMPOUNDS
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
GENETIC VARIABILITY
GROWTH
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INJURIES
LEAVES
NAPHTHOLS
NECROSIS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PAN
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PHENOLS
PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS
PLANT GROWTH
PLANTS
POLLUTION
PYRIDINES
TOXICITY
YIELDS