Photochemical air pollutants and vegetation injury

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1980 · Symp. Environ. Poll. Toxicol.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6475251

Taylor, O C

Photochemical oxidants known to be phytotoxic include ozone (O/sub 3/), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and nitrogen dioxide (NO/sub 2/). Ozone, intermediate in phytotoxicity, is responsible for the major part of the reported vegetation injury in the field. Injury symptoms range from suppressed growth and yield, with little or no visible injury, to a variety of patterns of chlorosis and necrosis on leaves. Typically, necrotic stipple, bleach and chlorotic flecking is most pronounced on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface. PAN injury is usually described as glazing, bronzing or silvering of the lower (abaxial) leaf surface. Bifacial collapse of rapidly growing leaf tissue often results in diffuse transverse bands of injury on young leaves. Nitrogen dioxide is much less toxic than PAN and O/sub 3/ and injury from NO/sub 2/ is seldom observed in the field. The critical concentration of oxidant required to produce detectable injury is influenced by genetic variation, edaphic and climatic factors, and the presence of other phytotoxic chemicals in the atmosphere. Ozone has been reported to produce injury when concentrations exceed about 5 pphM. The critical concentration of PAN is about 10 ppB. 19 references, 5 figures, 1 table.

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, Riverside
• OSTI ID: 6475251
• Journal Information: Symp. Environ. Poll. Toxicol.; (United States), Vol. 5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
TOXICITY
OZONE
PAN
PLANTS
INJURIES
AIR POLLUTION
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CLIMATES
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
GENETIC VARIABILITY
LEAVES
NECROSIS
PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS
PLANT GROWTH
YIELDS
AROMATICS
AZINES
BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY
CHALCOGENIDES
DIAZO COMPOUNDS
GROWTH
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
NAPHTHOLS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PHENOLS
POLLUTION
PYRIDINES
560303* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Plants- (-1987)
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)