Outgassing rate of the copper-plated beam tube for ISABELLE
The ultrahigh vacuum system of the intersecting storage accelerator, ISABELLE, will consist of two interlaced rings of stainless steel beam tubes with a circumference 2-1/2 miles each. To obtain a good heat conduction during bakeout and to reduce the resistive wall instability during beam operation, a lmm thick copper coating will be electroplated to the outer surface of this 1.5 mm thick beam tube. To minimize the beam loss due to beam-gas collision, the pressure inside the beam tube is required to be 1 x 10/sup -11/ Torr (N/sub 2/ equivalent) or less. To achieve this ultrahigh vacuum, the outgassing rate of the 304 LN stainless steel tubes has been reduced to approx. 1 x 10/sup -13/ Torr. l/cm/sup 2/. sec by vacuum firing at 950/sup 0/C for one hour. However, during acid-bath electroplating of copper, significant amount of hydrogen will be reintroduced and trapped in stainless steel which will substantially increase the outgassing rate (to approx. 2 x 10/sup -12/ Torr . l/cm/sup 2/ sec). The outgassing characteristics of these copper-plated beam tubes are studied and discussed within the scope of diffusion and energy of activation. Methods to reduce the outgassing rate to an acceptable level (approx. 1 x 10/sup -13/ Torr . l/cm/sup 2/ . sec) are also given.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH00016
- OSTI ID:
- 6466524
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-29217; CONF-810314-96
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
430400* -- Particle Accelerators-- Storage Rings
ALLOYS
BAKING
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CHROMIUM STEELS
CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEELS
COPPER
CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS
DEGASSING
ELEMENTS
HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS
HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS
HEATING
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
ISABELLE STORAGE RINGS
MATERIALS
METALS
NICKEL ALLOYS
STAINLESS STEEL-304
STAINLESS STEELS
STEELS
STORAGE RINGS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VACUUM SYSTEMS