Sedimentation in pull-apart basins: modern examples from eastern Turkey
Well-exposed ancient pull-apart basin deposits have the following characteristics in common: (1) great stratigraphic thickness relative to basin size, (2) high rate of sedimentation, (3) asymmetry of sediment thickness and facies pattern, (4) organization of the facies into marginal fault-bounded fanglomerates and central flood-basin and lacustrine deposits, and (5) textural cycles that reflect tectonic activity and evolution. The Erzincan pull-apart basin overlies the North Anatolian fault, a right-lateral, 1200-km (745 mi) long intracontinental transform fault. Sedimentation within the basin is controlled by: (1) an axial fluvial system (the upper Euphrates River) associated with a broad flood plain/salt marsh, and (2) alluvial fans that prograde transversely from the boundary mountain fronts. The features suggest that the northern fault margin has probably been more recently active than the southern fault margin. The Lake Hazar pull-apart basin overlies the East Anatolian fault, a left-lateral, 450-km (280 mi) long intracontinental transform fault. Sedimentation within the basin is controlled by: (1) an axial fluvial system which enters the basin longitudinally and forms a large (5.1 km/sup 2/ (2 mi/sup 2/)), low-gradient (1.1/sup 0/) fan delta which is composed of interbedded fluvial and lacustrine facies, and (2) lateral fluvial systems that enter the basin transversely and form small (0.03 to 0.23 km/sup 2/ (0.01 to 0.09 mi/sup 2/)), steep (2.5/sup 0/ to 8.5/sup 0/) fan deltas composed of interbedded fluvial and debris flow facies. The Erzincan and Lake Hazar pull-apart basins present an instantaneous structural and depositional picture of pull-apart basin evolution and provide a basis of comparison with ancient pull-apart basin deposits.
- Research Organization:
- Carleton Coll., Northfield, MN
- OSTI ID:
- 6444331
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8304200-
- Journal Information:
- Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bull.; (United States), Journal Name: Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bull.; (United States) Vol. 67:3; ISSN AAPGB
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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