Analysis of uncertainties in CRAC2 calculations: the inhalation pathway

Conference · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1984

OSTI ID:6440816

Killough, G G; Dunning, Jr, D E

CRAC2 is a computer code for estimating the health effects and economic costs that might result from a release of radioactivity from a nuclear reactor to the environment. This paper describes tests of sensitivity of the predicted health effects to uncertainties in parameters associated with inhalation of the released radionuclides. These parameters are the particle size of the carrier aerosol and, for each element in the release, the clearance parameters for the lung model on which the code's dose conversion factors for inhalation are based. CRAC2 uses hourly meteorological data and a straight-line Gaussian plume model to predict the transport of airborne radioactivity; it includes models for plume depletion and population evacuation, and data for the distributions of population and land use. The code can compute results for single weather sequences, or it can perform random sampling of weather sequences from the meteorological data file and compute results for each weather sequence in the sample. For the work described in this paper, we concentrated on three fixed weather sequences that represent a range of conditions. For each fixed weather sequence, we applied random sampling to joint distributions of the inhalation parameters in order to estimate the sensitivity of the predicted health effects. All sampling runs produced coefficients of variation that were less than 50%, but some differences of means between weather sequences were substantial, as were some differences between means and the corresponding CRAC2 results without random sampling. Early injuries showed differences of as much as 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, while the differences in early fatalities were less than a factor of 2. Latent cancer fatalities varied by less than 10%. 19 references, 6 figures, 3 tables.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA); Maxima Corp., Oak Ridge, TN (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-84OR21400
• OSTI ID: 6440816
• Report Number(s): CONF-8409169-1; ON: DE85002566
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500300 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560161* -- Radionuclide Effects
Kinetics
& Toxicology-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACCIDENTS
COMPUTER CODES
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
INHALATION
INTAKE
MATERIALS
PLUMES
POPULATIONS
PROBABILITY
RADIATION ACCIDENTS
RADIATION HAZARDS
RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
WASTES