Selective dissolution and characterization of trace elements in hydrated and recarbonated retorted oil shale

Technical Report · Mon Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1986

OSTI ID:6436059

Essington, M E; Sorini, S S

A laboratory study was conducted at the Western Research Institute to evaluate the influence of hydration and recarbonation on the solid phase distribution of trace elements in retorted oil shale. The oil shale samples were retorted by the Paraho direct heating process and equilibrated in the laboratory under controlled carbon dioxide conditions. A sequential extraction technique was then used to fractionate trace elements into soluble, KNO/sub 3/-extractable, H/sub 2/O-extractable, NaOH-extractable, EDTA-extractable, HNO/sub 3/-extractable, and residual (nonextractable) phases. This procedure is purported to identify trace elements that reside in the soluble, easily exchangeable, adsorbed, organic, carbonate, sulfide, and silicate phases, respectively. The chemical fractions present in retorted oil shale and hydrated and recarbonated retorted oil shale are compared to identify trace element mineralogical changes that may occur in retorted oil shale disposal environments. The trace elements examined in this study included barium, cobalt, chromium, copper, lithium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, strontium, vanadium, and zinc. The extractabilities of the major elements - aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, and silicon - were also examined to provide evidence of solid phase elemental associations with trace elements. A significant result of this study is that the mineralogical residencies of trace elements in retorted oil shale were altered in response to hydration and recarbonation. Thus, the behavior of trace elements in retorted oil shale disposal environments may not be adequately predicted through the application of extraction procedures that assess potential trace element leachability. The results of this study also justify the further characterization of trace element selective extractabilities using procedures that partition trace elements residing in the HNO/sub 3/-extractable and residual fractions. 21 refs., 16 figs., 3 tabs.

• Research Organization: Western Research Inst., Laramie, WY (USA); USDOE Morgantown Energy Technology Center, WV
• DOE Contract Number: FC21-83FE60177
• OSTI ID: 6436059
• Report Number(s): DOE/FE/60177-2349; ON: DE87010732
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS
040500* -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- Properties & Composition
040900 -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- Waste management
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
ALUMINIUM
AMINO ACIDS
ANTIMONY
BARIUM
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
CALCIUM
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONYLATION
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHELATING AGENTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMIUM
COBALT
COPPER
DATA
DISSOLUTION
EDTA
ELEMENTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
EXTRACTION
HYDRATION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXIDES
INFORMATION
INORGANIC ACIDS
IRON
LEACHING
LEAD
LITHIUM
MAGNESIUM
MANAGEMENT
MANGANESE
METALS
MOLYBDENUM
NICKEL
NITRATES
NITRIC ACID
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARAHO PROCESS
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
POTASSIUM NITRATES
SEMIMETALS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILICON
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SODIUM HYDROXIDES
SOLVATION
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SOLVENT PROPERTIES
SPENT SHALES
STRONTIUM
TRACE AMOUNTS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VANADIUM
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WATER
ZINC