Formation of NO(x) from nitrogen-containing additives in premixed methane flames
Journal Article
·
· Combust. Flame; (United States)
The conversion of fuel nitrogen to nitrogen oxides (NO + NO2) is premixed methane flames containing nitrogen at concentrations approaching those found in polymers is investigated. Maximum concentrations of nitric oxide of up to 18,000 ppm were produced by the addition of ammonia, acetonitrile or pyridine to laminar methane-oxygen flames diluted with argon or nitrogen. Combustion occurred at equivalence ratios from 0.70 to 1.16 and final flame temperatures between 2000 and 2600 K. The conversion of nitrogen to NO(x) is found to be nearly quantitative for low concentrations of additive, but to approach a limiting value at high concentrations, which value decreased with increasing equivalence ratio and decreasing flame temperature. The formation of nitric oxide is explained in terms of a simple three-stage mechanism involving a nitrogen-containing intermediate, which is then used to derive an expression allowing the prediction of NO(x) levels for other hydrocarbon flames.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Manchester Inst. of Science and Tech., England
- OSTI ID:
- 6434028
- Journal Information:
- Combust. Flame; (United States), Journal Name: Combust. Flame; (United States) Vol. 51; ISSN CBFMA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
03 NATURAL GAS
034000* -- Natural Gas-- Combustion
090110 -- Hydrocarbon Fuels-- Properties-- (1979-1989)
10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
ADDITIVES
ALKANES
AMMONIA
AZINES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
COMBUSTION PROPERTIES
CYANIDES
FLUID FLOW
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDRIDES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCYANIC ACID
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ACIDS
KINETICS
LAMINAR FLOW
METHANE
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PYRIDINES
REACTION KINETICS
YIELDS
034000* -- Natural Gas-- Combustion
090110 -- Hydrocarbon Fuels-- Properties-- (1979-1989)
10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
ADDITIVES
ALKANES
AMMONIA
AZINES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
COMBUSTION PROPERTIES
CYANIDES
FLUID FLOW
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDRIDES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCYANIC ACID
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ACIDS
KINETICS
LAMINAR FLOW
METHANE
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PYRIDINES
REACTION KINETICS
YIELDS