The effect of fluid, confining pressure, and temperature on absolute permeabilities of low-permeability sandstones
The combined effect of temperature, confining pressure and test fluid on absolute permeabilities of low permeability sandstones has been investigated. Absolute permeabilities to liquids were dependent on polarity but were always significantly less than Klinkenberg permeabilities for gases. Differences are ascribed to swelling and dispersion of fine particles. Changes in state of dispersion caused by ultrasonication were investigated by measuring resulting changes in permeabilities. Nitrogen, brine and distilled water were used as test fluids in a main series of tests for which temperatures ranged from 0 to 93/sup 0/ C and confining pressures from 500 to 5000 psi. Absolute permeabilities of five formation samples, which were of various origin, differed by up to about three orders of magnitude, with the highest permeability being a few millidarcies. All specimens showed marked reduction in permeability with increase in confining pressure. However, for all cores, absolute permeabilities to gas were essentially independent of temperature at all levels of confining pressure. Comparable measurements of brine permeability were made for two core samples and, as for gas flow, there was no significant effect of temperature. Klinkenberg slip factors, B, were found to vary linearly with absolute temperature, but gave positive intercepts on the temperature axis of B vs. T plots. The intercepts were larger for gases of higher boiling point. This deviation is shown to be due mainly to the nonideal effect of temperature on gas viscosities.
- Research Organization:
- New Mexico Inst. of Mining and Technology
- OSTI ID:
- 6389253
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8409104-
- Journal Information:
- Soc. Pet. Eng. AIME, Pap.; (United States), Vol. SPE 13093; Conference: 59. annual Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME technical conference, Houston, TX, USA, 16 Sep 1984
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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FLUIDS
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