Hydrodesulfurization catalysis by Chevrel-phase compounds
The catalytic activity of Chevrel-phase compounds (M/sub x/Mo/sub 6/S/sub 8/) for thiophene hydrodesulfurization at 400/sup 0/C has been found to be comparable to or greater than that of model industrial catalysts (unpromoted and cobalt-promoted MoS/sub 2/). The most active Chevrel phase catalysts were those containing the large ternary component cations Ho, Pb, Sn; the intermediate cation materials (M = Ag and In) were less active; the small cation materials (M = Cu, Fe, Ni, and Co) were the least active catalysts. The 1-butene hydrogenation activities of the Chevrel phase catalysts at 400/sup 0/C were much lower than MoS/sub 2/. X-ray powder diffraction and laser Raman spectroscopy analysis of the used catalysts revealed that the bulk structures were stable under reaction conditions. Using a deuterium-thiophene feed at 400/sup 0/C, the amount of deuterium incorporated into thiophene and into the desulfurization products (hydrogen sulfide, butadiene, and butenes) was determined as a function of reaction time. For All Chevrel phase and MoS/sub 2/ catalysts examined, H/sub 2/S was almost exclusively formed; only small amounts of HDS and D/sub 2/S were detected. At the same levels of thiophene conversion, unpromoted MoS/sub 2/ introduced up to 10 times more deuterium into the nondesulfurized thiophene than did the promoted catalysts. A mechanism of thiophene hydrodesulfurization is proposed: butadiene is the initial reaction product and the hydrogen of hydrogen sulfide originates from the hydrogen-exchange of thiophene.
- Research Organization:
- Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-82
- OSTI ID:
- 6365801
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ALKENES
BUTADIENE
BUTENES
CATALYSIS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COHERENT SCATTERING
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DESULFURIZATION
DEUTERIUM
DIENES
DIFFRACTION
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
HYDROGENATION
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
KINETICS
LASER SPECTROSCOPY
LIGHT NUCLEI
MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS
MOLYBDENUM SULFIDES
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
POLYENES
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
REACTION KINETICS
REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS
SCATTERING
SPECTROSCOPY
STABILITY
STABLE ISOTOPES
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SYNTHESIS
THIOPHENE
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION