Application of solar ponds to district heating and cooling
A preliminary investigation is reported of the feasibility of incorporating solar ponds into new subdivisions to provide district heating, domestic hot water (DHW), and district cooling. Two locations were chosen for analysis: Fort Worth, Texas and Washington, DC. Solar ponds were sized to meet space heating, cooling, and DHW loads in each location for differing community sizes. Parameters such as storage layer temperature, pond geometry, and storage depth vs surface area were varied to determine the most effective approach to solar pond utilization. A distribution system for the district heating system was designed, including sizing of heat exchangers, piping, and pumps. Cost estimates for the pond and distribution system were formulated by using data generated in pond sizing, as well as associated system costs (e.g., salt costs and distribution system costs). Finally, solar ponds were found to be competitive with residential flat-plate collector systems, with delivered energy costs as low as $16.00/GJ.
- Research Organization:
- Solar Energy Research Inst., Golden, CO (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-77CH00178
- OSTI ID:
- 6349552
- Report Number(s):
- SERI/TR-731-1036; ON: DE81026557
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
140901* -- Solar Thermal Utilization-- Space Heating & Cooling
140907 -- Solar Thermal Utilization-- Water Heating
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COOLING
COOLING LOAD
COST
DESIGN
DISTRICT COOLING
DISTRICT HEATING
ENERGY SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
FEASIBILITY STUDIES
FLAT PLATE COLLECTORS
HEAT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEATING
HEATING LOAD
NORTH AMERICA
OPTIMIZATION
PIPES
PONDS
PUMPS
SALINITY GRADIENTS
SIZE
SOLAR COLLECTORS
SOLAR EQUIPMENT
SOLAR HEATING
SOLAR PONDS
SOLAR SPACE HEATING
SOLAR WATER HEATING
SOUTHWEST REGION
SPACE HEATING
TEXAS
USA
WASHINGTON DC
WATER HEATING