Cement equivalence factors for fly ash

Journal Article · Wed Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1993 · Cement and Concrete Research; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(93)90162-3· OSTI ID:6319760

Bijen, J ^[1]; Selst, R van ^[2]

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1. Delft Univ. of Technology (Netherlands)
2. Intron, Delft (Netherlands)

An investigation has been carried out into the cement equivalence factors for fly ash in concrete. The work was part of a prenormative research aimed at taking the contribution of fly ash to strength development and the other properties of concrete into account on the minimum cement content and maximum water-cement ratio required to achieve these properties as by the Dutch Concrete Standards. Three cements were studied. These are ordinary Portland cement, rapid hardening Portland cement and Portland blast furnace slag cement. Four fly ashes, including two low-NO[sub x] ashes, were used for the study. Concrete compositions with a range of water-cement ratios, two fly ash-cement ratios, and three curing regimes were studied as functions of concrete compressive strength development. The test results show that the contribution of fly ash to strength is strongly dependent on the water-cement ratio, the type of cement, the fly ash quality, and the concrete age. The equivalence factor increases when the water-cement ratio decreases. This dependence is highest for the rapid hardening Portland cement and lowest for the Portland blast furnace slag cement. For the latter cement the equivalence factor decreases with increasing age, while for the Portland cements investigated the reverse is the case. The period of curing has influence up to a period of 3 days.

• OSTI ID: 6319760
• Journal Information: Cement and Concrete Research; (United States), Journal Name: Cement and Concrete Research; (United States) Vol. 23:5; ISSN CCNRAI; ISSN 0008-8846
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010800* -- Coal
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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
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AEROSOL WASTES
ASHES
BUILDING MATERIALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CEMENTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COAL
COMBUSTION
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
COMPRESSION STRENGTH
CONCENTRATION RATIO
CONCRETES
CURING
ENERGY SOURCES
FLY ASH
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MATERIAL SUBSTITUTION
MATERIALS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
OXIDATION
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PORTLAND CEMENT
RESIDUES
SLAGS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
WASTES
WATER