Integrated risk assessment for dioxins and furans from chlorine bleaching in pulp and paper mills. Final report
The report presents the key findings, assumptions, and uncertainties of an assessment of risks from exposure of humans, terrestrial and avian wildlife, and aquatic life to dioxins and furans formed during chlorine bleaching at kraft and sulfite pulp and paper mills. The report contains condensed versions of eight major exposure/risk assessments and other support documents prepared by program offices within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Risks were evaluated from roughly 120 potential pathways to exposure to pulp and paper products, pulp and paper mill sludges, and pulp and paper mill effluents. The development of the assessment and the individual Agency exposure/risk assessments was coordinated by the Federal Interagency Working Group on Dioxin-in-Paper. The Background Document to the Integrated Assessment contains detailed summaries of the individual exposure/risk assessments.
- Research Organization:
- Versar, Inc., Springfield, VA (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6318776
- Report Number(s):
- PB-91-102087/XAB; CNN: EPA-68-D9-0166
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
DIOXIN
DOCUMENT TYPES
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
FURANS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRY
MAMMALS
MAN
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PAPER INDUSTRY
PRIMATES
PROGRESS REPORT
RISK ASSESSMENT
US EPA
US FDA
US HEW
US ORGANIZATIONS
VERTEBRATES
WILD ANIMALS
WOOD PRODUCTS INDUSTRY