Development of the zinc--chlorine battery for utility applications. Interim report, January 1, 1977--March 31, 1978. [100-MWh plant with 45-kWh modules]

Technical Report · Sun Apr 01 04:00:00 EST 1979

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6302789· OSTI ID:6302789

Birk, J.

The zinc--chlorine battery system is presently under development as a peak-shaving energy-storage device for the electric utility industry. The principal thrusts of the present program were preparation and analysis of a new 100-MWh plant design; and design, fabrication, and initial testing of a 45-kWh battery module - the basic unit of the new 100-MWh plant design. Development programs on electrode research, electrolyte optimization, cell design, battery-performance verification, and low-cost materials and processes were conducted in support of these objectives. A new conceptual design of 100-MWh battery plant is based on the concept of fully integrated zinc--chlorine hydrate battery modules. The battery plant comprises thirty-six independent strings, each string consisting of 44 series-connected 66-kWh battery modules. A conceptual manufacturing plan for a production rate of 100 battery modules per day was prepared. The installed cost of the 100-MWh battery plant was estimated to be $26/kWh plus $91/kW (1977 $). The safety, environmental, and legal aspects of siting 100-MWh zinc--chlorine battery plants at substations in residential areas were also analyzed. The design is judged to be optimal in the areas of performance, safety, and manufacturability, while comparing favorably in cost and reliability to earlier designs. The module prototype was designed, fabricated, assembled, and tested. The 45-kWh module, which performed well as a system, delivered in excess of the design level for dc energy output. However, the efficiency, at 50%, was lower than the design target. The significant accomplishments in the development program are set forth. 144 figures, 54 tables.

• Research Organization: Energy Development Associates, Madison Heights, MI (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6302789
• Report Number(s): EPRI-EM-1051(Pt.4)(App.)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
250901* -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Design & Development
250904 -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Other Applications
DATA
DATA FORMS
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTRIC UTILITIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ELECTROLYTES
ENERGY STORAGE
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
GRAPHS
INFORMATION
MATERIALS
METAL-GAS BATTERIES
NUMERICAL DATA
OFF-PEAK ENERGY STORAGE
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PUBLIC UTILITIES
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
STORAGE
TESTING
THEORETICAL DATA
ZINC-CHLORINE BATTERIES