Design and cost analysis of a 20-kWh bipolar zinc-bromine battery
Zinc-Bromine secondary batteries are attractive systems for electric vehicles and energy storage (off-peak and photovoltaic) applications because of low cost raw materials, relatively high energy density, and ambient temperature operation. Exxon's approach to the system uses conductive carbon plastic electrodes in a bipolar configuration, separable bromine complexes, and selective membranes in a circulating electrolyte design. The 20 kWh battery design consists of two 10 kWh battery stacks placed back-to-back with a common center electrolyte feed block. Each of the two battery stacks consists of 78 cells for a system voltage of 120 volt output. Active electrode area per electrode is 12 dm/sup 2/. Cell-to-cell spacing is 0.25 cm. The two-stack module is assembled over a tray serving as a cover for the plastic electrolyte reservoir. Unit cells are comprised of alternating bipolar electrodes and separator assemblies. For various applications, accessories and controls are built into the system. The projected battery factory price of $28./kWh is discussed, along with the manufacturing, materials, and labor costs.
- Research Organization:
- Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Linden, NJ (USA). Advanced Energy Systems Labs.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76DP00789
- OSTI ID:
- 6299750
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-81-7147C; CONF-811010-4; ON: DE81030117
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
250901* -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Design & Development
BATTERY SEPARATORS
CARBON
COST
DESIGN
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ELEMENTS
MATERIALS
METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES
NONMETALS
PETROCHEMICALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PLASTICS
POWER RANGE 10-100 KW
PRICES
SYNTHETIC MATERIALS
ZINC-BROMINE BATTERIES