Genotoxicity studies of rodents exposed to coal dust and diesel emission particulates

Journal Article · Thu Aug 01 04:00:00 EDT 1985 · Environ. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(85)90121-5· OSTI ID:6276473

Ong, T; Whong, W Z; Xu, J; Burchell, B; Green, F H; Lewis, T

Genotoxicity studies with mice and/or rats have been conducted to evaluate the potential mutagenic hazard associated with exposures of coal miners to diesel emission particulates (DEP) and/or coal dusts (CD). Rats and mice were exposed to filtered air, DEP, and/or CD for periods ranging from 3 months to 2 years. The particulate samples extracted with dichloromethane and the urine samples concentrated with XAD-2 columns were analyzed for mutagenic activity by the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay system. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from rats exposed for 3 months were analyzed for sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). The femur bone marrow cells from rats exposed for 24 months and mice exposed for 6 months were analyzed for micronuclei in both polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes. The results indicate that the solvent extract of DEP was mutagenic, while no mutagenic activity was found for the CD extract. Combination of CD and DEP did not show any synergistic effect. No mutagenic activity was found for urine samples from rats exposed to DEP and/or CD for up to 2 years. No increase in micronuclei was detected in rats exposed for 24 months. The frequencies of SCE in the peripheral lymphocytes of the 3-month-exposed rats were similar for control and DEP plus CD-exposed groups.

• Research Organization: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV
• OSTI ID: 6276473
• Journal Information: Environ. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Res.; (United States) Vol. 2; ISSN ENVRA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BACTERIA
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
BONE MARROW CELLS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
COAL
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DIESEL ENGINES
DUSTS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENGINES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GENETIC EFFECTS
HEAT ENGINES
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MICE
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENS
MUTATIONS
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
RATS
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SCREENING
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
URINE
VERTEBRATES
WASTES