Hot-stage transmission electron microscopy studies of phase transformations in tin-modified lead zirconate titanate

Journal Article · Wed Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1993 · Journal of Applied Physics; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.354568· OSTI ID:6267368

Xu, Z; Viehland, D; Yang, P; Payne, D A ^[1]

---

1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (United States)

The temperature dependence of phase stability for tin-modified lead zirconate titanate solid solution ceramics Pb[sub (0.98)]Nb[sub 0.02][(Zr[sub 1[minus][ital x]], Sn[sub [ital x]])[sub 1[minus][ital y]]Ti[sub [ital y]]][sub 1[minus][ital z]]O[sub 3] (PZST) was investigated by hot-stage transmission electron microscopy. Compositions studied included, a material that was antiferroelectric (AFE) at room temperature with [ital x]=0.42 and [ital y]=0.04, and a material that was ferroelectric (FE) at room temperature with [ital x]=0.43 and [ital y]=0.08 (abbreviated as PZST 42/4/2 and 43/8/2, respectively). PZST 42/4/2 was found to exhibit a sequence of phase transformations on heating of AFE--multicell cubic (MCC)--simple cubic (SC), whereas PZST 43/8/2 had a sequence of FE-AFE-MCC-SC. Previously referred to [ital F] spots (i.e., 1/2[111] superlattice spots) were observed in all four phases. The diffraction intensities for the [ital F] spots decreased with increasing temperature, and eventually disappeared above 300 [degree]C. Electron diffraction confirmed the presence of the MCC phase which was characterized by the existence of weak 1/2[110] superlattice spots in the temperature region between the AFE and SC phases. In each composition the AFE phase was characterized by arrays of one-dimensional antiphase domain boundaries and (1/[ital x])[110] superlattice spots. The modulation wavelength for the superlattice spots was found to be a strong function of temperature and was incommensurate with the lattice. The thermal stability of phases in the crystalline solution PZST system is discussed in terms of the observed microstructural features.

• DOE Contract Number: FG02-91ER45439
• OSTI ID: 6267368
• Journal Information: Journal of Applied Physics; (United States), Journal Name: Journal of Applied Physics; (United States) Vol. 74:5; ISSN JAPIAU; ISSN 0021-8979
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
360202* -- Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories-- Structure & Phase Studies
CERAMICS
COHERENT SCATTERING
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS
LEAD COMPOUNDS
MICROSCOPY
NIOBIUM COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PZT
REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS
SCATTERING
TITANATES
TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ZINC COMPOUNDS
ZIRCONATES
ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS