Catalysts deactivation by coking
- Univ. of Notre Dame, IN
The formation of coke-type materials and consequent catalyst deactivation are problems in the catalytic refining and processing of petroleum. Mechanisms of coking, catalyst deactivation and the chemical and physical properties of these coke-type materials are reviewed. A wide variety of coke types are produced, depending on catalyst-type and reaction conditions. Deposition on catalyst surfaces involves multi-step reactions, including dehydrogenation, aromatization, ring fusion and crosslinking to form a graphite-type structure. Coke formation can be inhibited by high hydrogen concentration and alkane content or low content of aromatic and unsaturated compounds. The kinetics of coke deposition follows simple empirical relationships and catalyst deactivation may occur by direct (coke precursor adsorption and subsequent polymerization) or indirect (coke deposition) surface suppression.
- OSTI ID:
- 6232436
- Journal Information:
- Catal. Rev., Sci. Eng.; (United States), Journal Name: Catal. Rev., Sci. Eng.; (United States) Vol. 24:3; ISSN CRSEC
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
010401* -- Coal & Coal Products-- Carbonization-- (-1987)
010600 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Properties & Composition
CARBONIZATION
CATALYSTS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COKE
COKING
DEACTIVATION
DECOMPOSITION
DEPOSITS
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
FUNCTIONAL MODELS
INDUSTRY
IRON COMPOUNDS
KINETICS
METALS
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
OPTIMIZATION
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PROCESSING
REACTION KINETICS
REFINING
REGENERATION
REVIEWS
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
VANADIUM COMPOUNDS