Application of direct thermal liquefaction for the conversion of cellulosic biomass
Direct thermochemical conversion of cellulosic biomass to useful products has been studied as an alternative to conventional biological processes. At temperatures of 250-400 C and pressures up to 20.7 MPa in the presence of sodium carbonate, pure cellulose was converted to a mixture of phenols, cyclopentanones, and hydroquinones as well as other components. This liquefaction oil and others were examined for their use as fuel asphalt substitutes and wood adhesives. The product composition tended to change with liquefaction time. One major product of cellulose liquefaction, 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol, was formed during a reduction-oxidation procedure involving acetoin and biacetyl. The use of alkaline catalysts under liquefaction at 300 C was shown to shift the mechanism from one involving aqueous pyrolysis (predominant furan formation) to one incorporating aldol and related condensations. 33 references, 1 figure, 4 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Battelle, Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 6231667
- Journal Information:
- Ind. Eng. Chem., Prod. Res. Dev.; (United States), Journal Name: Ind. Eng. Chem., Prod. Res. Dev.; (United States) Vol. 23:3; ISSN IEPRA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Formation of aromatic and possible oligomeric materials from cellulose liquefaction
Low molecular weight products from the aqueous alkaline degradation of cellulose
Related Subjects
090122* -- Hydrocarbon Fuels-- Preparation from Wastes or Biomass-- (1976-1989)
ADHESIVES
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
AROMATICS
ASPHALTS
BIOMASS
BITUMENS
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONATES
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CELLULOSE
CHEMICAL PREPARATION
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DATA
DECOMPOSITION
DEHYDROCYCLIZATION
ENERGY SOURCES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HIGH PRESSURE
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
LIQUEFACTION
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
POLYSACCHARIDES
PRODUCTION
PYROLYSIS
QUINONES
REDUCTION
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
SACCHARIDES
SODIUM CARBONATES
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SYNTHESIS
TAR
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
YIELDS