High resolution in the soft x-ray range from a toroidal grating monochromator

Journal Article · Wed Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1993 · Review of Scientific Instruments; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1143866· OSTI ID:6227684

Reich, T; Hussain, Z; Moler, E; Blackwell, M; Kaindl, G ^[1]; Shirley, D A ^[2]; Howells, M R ^[1]

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1. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States)
2. Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 (United States)

A resolving power, [ital E]/[Delta][ital E], of [ge]13 000 has been achieved with the modified 6 m/160[degree] toroidal grating monochromator (TGM) installed on Beam Line 8-1 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. The resolving power of the TGM was increased by replacing the entrance and exit slits with high-precision slits, masking the horizontal part (short radius) of the grating, and improving the TGM scanning mechanisms. To determine the performance of the monochromator, we measured the dependences of resolution and photon flux on the entrance- and exit-slit widths, the exit-slit position, and the masking of the grating. The monochromator resolution in the energy range of 25--65 eV was derived from photoionization measurements of extremely narrow core-excitation resonances in He and Ne. With 10-[mu]m vertical entrance- and exit-slit widths and 32% mask opening of the grating, the monochromator has a resolution (full-width at half maximum) of 5.0[plus minus]0.7 meV at a photon energy of 64.5 eV and a flux of 2[times]10[sup 7] photons/s/100 mA. The results suggest a simple procedure for converting a TGM with moderate resolution into a high-resolution monochromator with a moderate reduction in photon flux due to masking the grating, beyond the reduction attributable to the slit widths.

• DOE Contract Number: AC03-76SF00098
• OSTI ID: 6227684
• Journal Information: Review of Scientific Instruments; (United States), Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments; (United States) Vol. 64:9; ISSN 0034-6748; ISSN RSINAK
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

440600* -- Optical Instrumentation-- (1990-)
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENERGY RESOLUTION
GRATINGS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MONOCHROMATORS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
RADIATIONS
RESOLUTION
SOFT X RADIATION
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
TESTING
X RADIATION