Analysis by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy/depth profiling of thin, gasoline-derived deposit films
- Fuels and Lubricants Dept., General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, MI (US)
Fuel-derived deposits on injectors and elsewhere in engines can severely impair engine performance. This paper reports on a laboratory test procedure developed to produce thin deposit films from oxidized fuel on steel. The deposit films were analyzed by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) and depth profiling. The deposits were carbonaceous with lesser amounts of oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen. The total sulfur concentration in the deposits was 5--10 times higher than the concentration of sulfur in the original gasoline. Ion bombardment preferentially removed oxygen from the deposit layer, revealing that sulfur in the deposits was in the form of oxygenated compounds (RSO{sub 2}R, RSO{sub 2}OR, ROSO{sub 2}OR, RSO{sub 2}OSO{sub 2}R) and removal of oxygen converted them to lesser or non-oxygen-containing compounds (RSR, RSOR, RSSR, RSSO{sub 2}R). Fuel samples were spiked with two sulfur-containing chemicals, thionanisole and thianaphthene. Neither compound participated directly in the deposit formation process. Thinner deposit films were formed on polished and oxidized surfaces rather than on polished-only surfaces.
- OSTI ID:
- 6202641
- Journal Information:
- Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research; (USA), Vol. 29:9; ISSN 0888-5885
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
02 PETROLEUM
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS
DEPOSITS
GASOLINE
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
THIN FILMS
X-RAY SPECTRA
CARBON
CORROSIVE EFFECTS
NITROGEN
OXYGEN
SULFUR
SURFACES
ELEMENTS
ENGINES
FILMS
FUEL SYSTEMS
FUELS
HEAT ENGINES
LIQUID FUELS
NONMETALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
SPECTRA
330101* - Internal Combustion Engines- Spark-Ignition
400101 - Activation
Nuclear Reaction
Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures
023000 - Petroleum- Properties & Composition
360105 - Metals & Alloys- Corrosion & Erosion