Development of liquid-phase catalysts for brown coals. Report on a discussion in Leuna on January 26, 1944

Technical Report · Tue Mar 07 04:00:00 UTC 1944

OSTI ID:6176665

Huthwelker,

Leuna operated brown coal hydrogenation without a catalyst from 1927 until 1929, but achieved decomposition rates of only about 60%. After 1929 they used catalysts consisting either of molybdenum compounds or iron compounds. If the brown coal were treated with 25% of the amount of sulfuric acid necessary for complete neutralization of the brown coal, an addition of 0.05% (based on amount of coal) molybdic acid (MoO/sub 3/), added as an ammonium salt, would work very well as a catalyst. Later an iron sulfate catalyst neutralized by alkali and carried on brown-coal coke (Me 10927) was found to be effective at the level of 0.8% iron based on amount of coal. The active agent was hypothesized to be iron sulfide formed with the sulfur of the coal through an intermediate iron hydroxide from the alkalization. Just as scarcity of molybdenum encouraged the switch to iron catalysts, the limitations of supply of iron sulfate caused the usage of more plentiful types of iron compounds, mainly oxides, arising as by-products of aluminum manufacture or other processes. Some of these compounds were Bayermasse, Luxmasse, and Lautamasse. However, it took about 1.8% iron in the form of Bayermasse, for instance, to have the same effect as 0.8% iron in the form of iron sulfate. For the hydrogenation of bituminous coal, Ludwigshafen had experimented with iron sulfate and Bayermasse together, (in fact 0.2% iron in iron sulfate and 0.4% iron in Bayermasse), obtaining satisfactory catalyst action when used with Sulfigran (sodium sulfide).

• Research Organization: Hydrierwerke Poelitz, A.G. (Germany)
• OSTI ID: 6176665
• Report Number(s): TOM-75-638-639
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: German

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010403 -- Coal & Coal Products-- Hydrogenation-- (-1987)
010405* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction
BERGIUS PROCESS
BITUMINOUS COAL
BLACK COAL
BROWN COAL
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COAL
COAL LIQUEFACTION
COAL LIQUEFACTION PLANTS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GERMANY
HIGH PRESSURE
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDROGENATION
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON OXIDES
IRON SULFATES
LIQUEFACTION
MODIFICATIONS
MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS
MOLYBDENUM OXIDES
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
SULFATES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SYNTHETIC FUELS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS