Kinetics of chlorine--ammonia reactions in seawater. Annual report, June 1, 1977--May 31, 1978

Technical Report · Wed Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1978

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6166117· OSTI ID:6166117

Johnson, J D; Inman, Jr, G W

By employing stopped-flow techniques, rate constants were determined for the reactions of hypochlorous acid with bromide and ammonia in solutions at different pH's and salinities. Values for the specific rate constants at 25/sup 0/C are 3.8 x 10/sup 3/ and 3.1 x 10/sup 6/ liters/mole-s, respectively for the following reactions HOC1 + Br/sup -/ ..-->.. HOBr + C1/sup -/ and HOC1 + NH/sub 3/ ..-->.. NH/sub 2/C1 + H/sub 2/O. Speciation experiments were done with full strength chlorinated seawater enriched with ammonia. The resultant solutions were analyzed by uv spectroscopy, amperometric titration, and a membrane electrode. At low ammonia nitrogen and high initial chlorine concentrations, hypobromous acid and tribromamine formed. As the ratio of C1/sub 2/ to N was decreased, some dibromamine was observed and at ratios less than 1:1, monochloramine formed and eventually predominated. Preliminary experiments were also done to determine a rate constant for the oxidation of bromide by monochloramine. Results showed that even in full strength seawater the reaction was quite slow ;half life approx. 28 hours for (NH/sub 2/C1)/sup 0/ < 5.0 mg/1 as C1/sub 2/). The reaction was found to be pH dependent and yielded an unidentified product with a uv absorbance peak near 220 nm. 22 figures.

• Research Organization: North Carolina Univ., Chapel Hill (USA). Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
• OSTI ID: 6166117
• Report Number(s): NUREG/CR-0528
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201* -- Chemical &amp; Physicochemical Properties
ABSORPTION SPECTRA
AMINES
AMMONIA
BROMIDES
BROMINE COMPOUNDS
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORINATION
CHLORINE
DATA
DATA FORMS
ELEMENTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENATION
HALOGENS
HYDRIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYPOCHLOROUS ACID
INFORMATION
INORGANIC ACIDS
ISOLATED VALUES
KINETICS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
NONMETALS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PH VALUE
REACTION KINETICS
SEAWATER
SPECTRA
ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA
WATER