Biodegradation of carbofuran and furathiocarb in soil: effect of pretreatment and microbial growth responses to carbofuran
The rate of degradation of carbofuran was measured in Norfolk loamy sand and Lynchburg sandy loam soils with no known history of pesticide treatment. Degradation was measured by trapping /sup 14/CO/sub 2/ evolved from /sup 14/C-carbonyl carbofuran applied to soil in flasks. Loamy sand soil pretreated with 9 ..mu..g x g/sup -1/ carbofuran completely degraded a second or third application of 9 ..mu..g x g/sup -1/ within 1-3 days, but <5% was degraded in soil treated for the first time. Nitrogen, applied as 100 ..mu..g x g/sup -1/ in NH/sub 4/NO/sub 3/, very slightly increased the rate of degradation of 9 ..mu..g x g/sup -1/ carbofuran in the pretreated soils. The rate of degradation of carbofuran in the pretreated soils can be described by 1st order kinetics. However, in the soil pretreated with 9 ..mu..g x g/sup -1/ carbofuran, the rate of degradation of an 8 ng x g/sup -1/ treatment was biphasic, with only 65% rapidly degraded within 2 days. This /sup 14/CO/sub 2/ evolution curve was best described by a two-compartment model for the degradation of low levels of organics in soil.
- Research Organization:
- Duke Univ., Durham, NC (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6147927
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
Terrestrial-- Basic Studies-- Radiometric Techniques-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BIODEGRADATION
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
FURANS
GROWTH
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MICROORGANISMS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
SOILS
TRACER TECHNIQUES