Assessment of environmental control technologies for Koppers-Totzek, Winkler, and Texaco coal gasification systems
The US Department of Energy, Division of Environmental Control Technology, supports the Assistant Secretary for Environment in discharging responsibilities for environmental control aspects of technology in use and development. The coal gasification technologies employed by Winkler, Koppers-Totzek (K-T) and Texaco are described. Evaluation of the status of these technologies for control of major environmental pollutants indicates that a minimum risk to the environment is involved. The complete gasification process involves coal storage, coal preparation, gasification, gas cooling, particulate removal, acid gas cleanup, shift conversion, oxygen manufacture, cleanup of waste water and makeup water, and utility operation. The status of each of these technologies with respect to environmental acceptability is discussed. Very little is known about the behavior of trace elements in the K-T, Texaco and Winkler gasification systems. Airborne emissions of trace elements can occur from the utility boiler, and from wind entrainment of discharged residue and stored coal. Ash components are discharged from the gasification processes with gasifier residues and gas-cleanup sludges and residues. The trace element composition of coal is geochemically similar to the makeup of the earth's crust and includes almost all of the elements of the periodic table. The potential hazard from emissions of trace elements is mainly from long-term, low-level exposures to increased atmospheric pollution levels. Discharges from the K-T, Texaco and Winkler processes can be expected to have very minor contributions to atmospheric pollution levels of trace elements. Table 1 summarizes the status of technology and data needs for the different processing steps. The different process areas and their potential for intrusion of the environment are discussed.
- Research Organization:
- Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- EY-76-C-06-1830
- OSTI ID:
- 6128305
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-3104
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Conceptual design and assessment of a coal-gasification commercial demonstration plant. Volume 3. Summary. [Texaco; Koppers-Totzek]
Environmental assessment: source test and evaluation report, Koppers-Totzek process. Final report, August 1979-December 1980
Related Subjects
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
COAL GASIFICATION PLANTS
POLLUTION CONTROL
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
ASHES
CARBON DIOXIDE
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CLAUS PROCESS
COAL
COAL PREPARATION
ELEMENTS
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
KOPPERS-TOTZEK PROCESS
OXYGEN
PARTICLES
PRODUCTION
RECOVERY
REMOVAL
SCOT PROCESS
SHIFT PROCESSES
SOILS
STORAGE
SULFUR
TEXACO GASIFICATION PROCESS
TRACE AMOUNTS
US DOE
WASTE WATER
WATER TREATMENT
WINKLER PROCESS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHALCOGENIDES
COAL GASIFICATION
COMMINUTION
CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GASIFICATION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
LIQUID WASTES
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
NONMETALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RESIDUES
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
US ORGANIZATIONS
WASTES
WATER
010900* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Environmental Aspects
010404 - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Gasification
200202 - Fossil-Fueled Power Plants- Waste Management- Noxious Gas & Particulate Emissions