Adsorption of nuclides on hydrous oxides: sorption isotherms on natural materials

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1984 · ACS Symp. Ser.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1984-0246.ch005· OSTI ID:6127893

Meyer, R E; Palmer, D A; Arnold, W D; Case, F I

Hydrous oxides and minerals which have adsorbing groups that behave like hydrous oxides are ubiquitous components of geological formations and may dominate the adsorptive properties of the formation at conditions of natural groundwaters. An understanding of the adsorptive behavior of hydrous oxides is therefore necessary for reliable prediction of migration of nuclides through the formations. Various isotherms are derived from equilibrium ion-exchange theory for the sorption of non-hydrolyzed ions on hydrous oxides. These isotherms are compared with experimental isotherms for sorption of Cs/sup +/, Sr/sup 2 +/, Eu/sup 3 +/, and TcO/sub 4//sup -/ on several hydrous oxides. The experimental isotherms for cations show little dependency of sorption on the ionic strength at intermediate pH values but considerable dependence at higher pH values. In the pH range of negligible hydrolysis, sorption increases with pH for cation sorption, and the slope of this dependency on pH increases with the charge of the cation. General features of these isotherms are predictable from ion-exchange equilibrium theory as applied to hydrous oxides. By combining isotherms for hydrous oxides with those for layer-type clay minerals, many unusual features of isotherms found on geological materials can be explained. 16 references, 10 figures.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-26
• OSTI ID: 6127893
• Journal Information: ACS Symp. Ser.; (United States), Journal Name: ACS Symp. Ser.; (United States) Vol. 246; ISSN ACSMC
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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ADSORPTION
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CESIUM COMPOUNDS
CHALCOGENIDES
DATA
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
EUROPIUM COMPOUNDS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
INFORMATION
MASS TRANSFER
MATERIALS
NUMERICAL DATA
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION
RARE EARTH COMPOUNDS
SORPTION
SORPTIVE PROPERTIES
STORAGE
STRONTIUM COMPOUNDS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
UNDERGROUND STORAGE
WASTES