Utilization of fluidized bed material as a calcium and sulfur source for apples
Fluidized bed material (FBM), a dry, high Ca, alkaline waste product which results from combining coal and limestone, was used as a Ca or S source or lime substitute in an established apple orchard (Malus domestica Borkh., cv. York Imperial) over a four year period. Treatment comparisons were made between FBM was applied at one or two times (1x or 2x) the soil lime requirement and CaCO/sub 3/ applied at the lime requirement (1x). Additionally, FBM 1x was compared to a combination treatment consisting of CaCO/sub 3/ plus gypsum to apply similar amounts of Ca and S. All treatments were also compared to an untreated control. No significant treatment comparisons were noted on leaf Ca levels, however, leaf Mg significantly decreased when FBM applied at the 1x or 2x level compared to CaCO/sub 3/ 1x. When FBM was compared with CaCO/sub 3/ plus gypsum there was a significant decrease in leaf Ca with FBM but no difference in leaf Mg. These effects were probably due to either a solubility difference between nutrients or to actual amount of Mg applied by the different sources. Leaf S levels were unaffected by treatments. Yields, fresh fruit weight and the incidence of cork spot were little affected by treatments. Soil extractable Mg, 1N NH/sub 4/Ac, was not a good prediction of leaf Mg content or Mg added to the soil. Only soil Al was significantly reduced, compared to the control, by the treatments among the metals studied (Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Al). FBM applied at twice the lime requirement (wt. basis) resulted in similar soil pH to CaCO/sub 3/ applied at the lime requirement. 14 references, 6 figures, 1 table.
- Research Organization:
- Dept. of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD
- OSTI ID:
- 6094484
- Journal Information:
- Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal.; (United States), Journal Name: Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal.; (United States) Vol. 15:8; ISSN CSOSA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
010800 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Waste Management
560303* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Plants-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
ALUMINIUM
APPLES
CADMIUM
CALCIUM
CALCIUM CARBONATES
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CALCIUM SULFATES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONATES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
COMBUSTORS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COPPER
DATA
ELEMENTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTORS
FOOD
FRUIT TREES
FRUITS
GROUND DISPOSAL
GYPSUM
INFORMATION
LEAD
LEAVES
LIMING
MAGNESIUM
MANAGEMENT
MANGANESE
METALS
MINERALS
NONMETALS
NUMERICAL DATA
NUTRIENTS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PH VALUE
PLANTS
RECYCLING
SOILS
SOLID WASTES
SULFATE MINERALS
SULFATES
SULFUR
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
TREES
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
WASTES
ZINC