Relation of geology and hydrogeology in the southeastern United States
Conference
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· Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs; (United States)
OSTI ID:6078251
- Geological Survey, Norcross, GA (United States)
Although the geology of the Southeastern US is complex, the principal aquifers in the region can be grouped into four categories. These are: (1) aquifers in consolidated rocks, mostly of Paleozoic age, that are flatlying to intensely folded; (2) crystalline-rock aquifers; (3) aquifers in unconsolidated to semiconsolidated, clastic Coastal Plain sediments; and (4) mostly consolidated carbonate-rock aquifers in the Coastal Plain. Each category is different in porosity type, permeability, and the water-yielding capability of the rocks. Most of the porosity in consolidated Paleozoic rocks of the Appalachian Plateaus and Valley and Ridge areas is secondary and consists of joints, fractures, and bedding planes. Some primary porosity, however, is present in Paleozoic sandstones. Partial dissolution of carbonate rocks, and closely spaced joints and fractures caused by folding or faulting, locally increase permeability. The Paleozoic rocks of Kentucky and Tennessee are typical of this aquifer category, and yield only moderate volumes of water. Crystalline rocks, such as those of the North Carolina Piedmont, have little primary porosity. Fractures are the only effective porosity in these rocks, which yield little water to wells. Classic sediments in the Coastal Plain are characterized by primary porosity. Coarse sands and gravels are the most productive aquifers in these strata. These aquifers yield moderate to large volumes of water, as shown by a regional aquifer that extends from Mississippi to South Carolina. Carbonate rocks in the Florida Coastal Plain have primary and secondary porosity. Partial dissolution of these rocks is the principal type of secondary porosity, but locally, recrystallization and dolomitization are important. The Floridan aquifer system, typical of these carbonate rocks, is extremely porous and permeable, and yield large volumes of water.
- OSTI ID:
- 6078251
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9304188--
- Conference Information:
- Journal Name: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs; (United States) Journal Volume: 25:4
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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