Structure and catalytic activity of Ru(Rh)/ThO sub 2 CO hydrogenation and NiW/Al sub 2 O sub 3 hydrodesulfurization catalysts

Thesis/Dissertation · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1989

OSTI ID:6067425

Huang, C S

The surface structures of catalysts prepared from oxidation of Ru{sub x}Th{sub y} intermetallics and Ru/ThO{sub 2} supported catalysts prepared by impregnation were studied using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ESCA or XPS), ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), gravimetric analysis and chemisorption. XRD measurements and gravimetric analysis indicate that all Ru{sub x}Th{sub y} intermetallics are extensively decomposed on oxidation at 350{degree}C. ESCA and ISS studies showed surface enrichment in Th for all intermetallic-derived catalysts. The structure of the intermetallic-derived catalysts can best be described as Ru particles embedded in a ThO{sub 2}-rich overlayer. In contrast, ESCA and ISS measurements indicate that the surface structure of the impregnated catalyst consists of Ru particles deposited on top of the ThO{sub 2} carrier. The methane selectivity for the catalysts derived from oxidation of Ru{sub 3}Th{sub 7} is significantly higher than that for the corresponding supported Ru/ThO{sub 2} catalyst. The TOF for CO hydrogenation of the catalyst derived from oxidation of Ru{sub 3}Th{sub 7} is two orders of magnitude higher than that of the corresponding Ru/ThO{sub 2} catalyst. The CO hydrogenation TOF of Rh/ThO{sub 2} catalysts prepared from Rh(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}, was not affected by Rh dispersion, impregnation medium and activation procedure. A modified ESCA method, was used to determine the extent of Ni reduction and sulfidation in a series of Ni/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalysts. The extent of Ni reduction and sulfidation measured by the modified ESCA method correlated well with the data obtained by gravimetric analysis and chemical extraction.

• Research Organization: Pittsburgh Univ., PA (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6067425
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201* -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
ACTINIDE COMPOUNDS
ALKANES
ALLOYS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYSIS
CATALYST SUPPORTS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ACTIVATION
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL PREPARATION
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISORPTION
COHERENT SCATTERING
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DESULFURIZATION
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
ELEMENTS
GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGENATION
IMPREGNATION
INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
ION SCATTERING ANALYSIS
KINETICS
METALS
METHANATION
METHANE
MICROSTRUCTURE
NICKEL
NITRATES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
PLATINUM METALS
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
REACTION KINETICS
REDUCTION
REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS
RHODIUM
RHODIUM COMPOUNDS
RUTHENIUM
SCATTERING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SORPTION
SPECTROSCOPY
SULFIDATION
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SYNTHESIS
THORIUM COMPOUNDS
THORIUM OXIDES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
TUNGSTEN
TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS
TUNGSTEN SULFIDES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY