Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport

Journal Article · Thu Sep 20 04:00:00 EDT 1990 · Journal of Geophysical Research; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/JD095iD10p17015· OSTI ID:6062344

Scala, J R; Garstang, M ^[1]; Tao, Weikuo; Thompson, A M; Simpson, J ^[2]; Pickering, K E ^[3]; Kirchhoff, V W.J.H. ^[4]; Browell, E V; Sachse, G W; Gregory, G L ^[5]; Torres, A L ^[6]; Rasmussen, R A; Khalil, M A.K. ^[7]

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1. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville (USA)
2. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (USA)
3. Applied Research Corp., Landover, MD (USA)
4. Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Paulo (Brazil)
5. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (USA)
6. NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, VA (USA)
7. Oregon Graduate Center, Beaverton (USA)

Field observations obtained during the second NASA Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2B), and two-dimensional moist cloud model simulations are used to determine the dominant transport pathways within a continental tropical squall line. A surface-based network triangle provided the focus for a multi-instrumental sampling of the May 6, 1987, squall line which propagated through the central Amazon bas at a rate of 40-50 km h{sup {minus}1}. Extensive use is made of the vertical distribution of specific trace gases that are representative of the prestorm and poststorm environment. One-dimensional photochemical model results suggest the observed poststorm changes in ozone concentration can be attributed to convective transports rather than photochemical production. Two-dimensional cloud model results detail the dynamic and thermodynamic attributes of the simulated squall convection. The well-mixed moist troposphere in which the observed squall system developed may have hindered strong downdraft development. Parcel trajectory analyses are conducted to investigate the flow patterns of convective transports. A significant proportion (> 50%) of the air transported to the anvil region originated at or above 6 km, not from the boundary layer via undilute cores. The presence of a midlevel inflow and a strong melting layer at 5.5 km reduced the vertical development of the core updraft and aided in the maintenance of a rotor circulation. The predicted absence of more than one active cell in the model cloud field, the lack of a well-organized downdraft in the presence of model estimated net upward mass flux, and the initial wind profile suggest the May 6 squall line was unicell in character.

• OSTI ID: 6062344
• Journal Information: Journal of Geophysical Research; (USA), Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research; (USA) Vol. 95:D10; ISSN 0148-0227; ISSN JGREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540110*
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION
BOUNDARY LAYERS
BRAZIL
CHEMISTRY
CLIMATE MODELS
CLOUDS
CONVECTION
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DISASTERS
EARTH ATMOSPHERE
ENERGY TRANSFER
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
FLUID MECHANICS
HEAT TRANSFER
LATIN AMERICA
LAYERS
LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT
MASS TRANSFER
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MECHANICS
ONE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
OZONE
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
POLLUTANTS
SAMPLING
SOUTH AMERICA
STORMS
THERMODYNAMICS
TROPOSPHERE
TWO-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS