Two classes of gamma-ray/proton flares: impulsive and gradual. Revision

Technical Report · Fri Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1985

OSTI ID:6055804

Various properties of gamma ray/proton flares, which produce nuclear gamma rays and/or interplanetary energetic protons were studied. Two classes of gamma ray/proton (GR/P) flares were found to exist, with each class having many distinct characteristics in common. Gradual GR/P flares (so named because of gradual variations of hard x-ray fluxes with duration of spike bursts longer than 90 s) have the following characteristics: long-duration (> 10 min) hard / x-ray and microwave emission, gradual variation of microwave flux, relatively large ratios of microwave to hard x-ray fluxes, large H-alpha areas, long-duration soft x-ray emission (> 1 hr), hard x-ray emission from extended coronal loops, interplanetary type II emission, coronal mass ejections, and production of large numbers of interplanetary energetic protons. Impulsive GR/P flares display directly opposing behavior in the above respects. However, the two classes of GR/P flares have a few characteristics common to both of them.

• Research Organization: Stanford Univ., CA (USA). Center for Space Science and Astrophysics
• OSTI ID: 6055804
• Report Number(s): AD-A-163105/0/XAB; CSSA-ASTRO-85-26-REV
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

640104* -- Astrophysics & Cosmology-- Solar Phenomena
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
ATMOSPHERES
BARYONS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
EMISSION
FERMIONS
GAMMA RADIATION
HADRONS
INTERPLANETARY SPACE
IONIZING RADIATIONS
NUCLEONS
PRODUCTION
PROTONS
PULSES
RADIATIONS
SOLAR ACTIVITY
SOLAR CORONA
SOLAR FLARES
SOLAR PARTICLES
SOLAR PROTONS
SOLAR RADIATION
SPACE
STELLAR ATMOSPHERES
STELLAR CORONAE
STELLAR RADIATION
VARIATIONS