Review of open literature on effects of chlorine on aquatic organisms

Technical Report · Fri Aug 01 04:00:00 EDT 1980

OSTI ID:6035291

Opresko, D M

The pre-1980 open literature on the chemistry and biological effects of chlorine in marine, freshwater, and estuarine systems is reviewed with special emphasis placed on the potential impacts of power plant chlorination practices. Information is provided on aqueous chlorine chemistry including the types and relative concentrations of residual oxidants formed under varying environmental conditions; the stability, persistence, and reactivity of these oxidants; and their potential for forming halogenated organic compounds. Analytical methods for differentiating and measuring chlorine-produced residual oxidants are discussed in a separate section. Information on biological effects, derived mainly from the results of laboratory bioassays, consists primarily of acute toxicity data, but also included are discussions of biological and environmental factors affecting species' tolerance levels; sublethal effects on reproduction, growth, behavior, and physiological processes such as respiration and osmoregulation; and possible mechanisms of oxidant toxicity at the cellular or biochemical level. The final chapter considers the relative efficiency and potential environmental impact of alternative chemical and physical methods for controlling biofouling in power plant cooling systems.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-26
• OSTI ID: 6035291
• Report Number(s): EPRI-EA-1491; ON: DE82000097
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
200200 -- Fossil-Fueled Power Plants-- Waste Management
520200 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
560304 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Invertebrates-- (-1987)
560305 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANTIFOULANTS
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
BEHAVIOR
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORINE
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CHLORINE OXIDES
COOLING SYSTEMS
DOCUMENT TYPES
ECOSYSTEMS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
GROWTH
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENS
NONMETALS
ONCE-THROUGH COOLING SYSTEMS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSIOLOGY
POLLUTION
POWER PLANTS
REPRODUCTION
RESPIRATION
REVIEWS
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
TOLERANCE
TOXICITY
WATER POLLUTION