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In situ alkali-silica reaction observed by x-ray microscopy

Technical Report ·
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/603455· OSTI ID:603455
;  [1]; ;  [2]
  1. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  2. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA (United States)

In concrete, alkali metal ions and hydroxyl ions contributed by the cement and reactive silicates present in aggregate can participate in a destructive alkali-silica reaction (ASR). This reaction of the alkalis with the silicates produces a gel that tends to imbibe water found in the concrete pores, leading to swelling of the gel and eventual cracking of the affected concrete member. Over 104 cases of alkali-aggregate reaction in dams and spillways have been reported around the world. At present, no method exists to arrest the expansive chemical reaction which generates significant distress in the affected structures. Most existing techniques available for the examination of concrete microstructure, including ASR products, demand that samples be dried and exposed to high pressure during the observation period. These sample preparation requirements present a major disadvantage for the study of alkali-silica reaction. Given the nature of the reaction and the affect of water on its products, it is likely that the removal of water will affect the morphology, creating artifacts in the sample. The purpose of this research is to observe and characterize the alkali-silica reaction, including each of the specific reactions identified previously, in situ without introducing sample artifacts. For observation of unconditioned samples, x-ray microscopy offers an opportunity for such an examination of the alkali-silica reaction. Currently, this investigation is focusing on the effect of calcium ions on the alkali-silica reaction.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)
DOE Contract Number:
AC03-76SF00098
OSTI ID:
603455
Report Number(s):
LBNL--39981; ON: DE97007345
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English