Effect of heat treatments on the wetting behavior of bismuth-rich intergranular phases in ZnO:Bi:Co varistors

Journal Article · Sat Apr 01 04:00:00 EST 1989 · Journal of the American Ceramic Society; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06188.x· OSTI ID:6021483

Gambino, J P ^[1]; Kingery, W D ^[2]; Pike, G E ^[3]; Levinson, L M; Phillip, H R ^[4]

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1. IBM General Technology Div., Hopewell Junction, NY (US)
2. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (US)
3. Sandia National Lab., Albuquerque, NM (US)
4. General Electric Corporate Research and Development, Schenectady, NY (US)

The effect of annealing on the wetting behavior of Bi-rich intergranular phases in ZnO:Bi:Co varistors was studied. The intergranular phase exhibits temperature-dependent grain-boundary wetting, with an average equilibrium dihedral angle of 0{degrees} at 1140{degrees}C and over 55{degrees} at 610{degrees}C. The temperature- dependent wetting may be related to the temperature dependence of the ZnO concentration in the Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3} liquid phase. The effect of the intergranular phase distribution on the electrical properties of ZnO varistors is discussed.

• DOE Contract Number: AC02-76ER02390
• OSTI ID: 6021483
• Journal Information: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; (USA), Journal Name: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; (USA) Vol. 72:4; ISSN JACTA; ISSN 0002-7820
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
360202 -- Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories-- Structure & Phase Studies
360204* -- Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories-- Physical Properties
ALLOYS
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS
BISMUTH OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
COBALT ADDITIONS
COBALT ALLOYS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
GRAIN BOUNDARIES
HEAT TREATMENTS
MATERIALS
MICROSTRUCTURE
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
SWITCHING CIRCUITS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
WETTABILITY
ZINC COMPOUNDS
ZINC OXIDES