Embryotoxic effects of environmental chemicals: tests with the South African clawed toad (Xenopus laevis)

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1987 · Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(87)90031-5· OSTI ID:6018401

Dumpert, K

In the course of the investigations reported below, it was shown that p-chloroaniline has a lethal effect on the embryos of Xenopus laevis at a concentration of 100 ppm and is development inhibiting (teratogenic) at concentrations of 1 and 10 ppm, respectively. In the case of aniline, a significant development-inhibiting effect was observed at a concentration as low as 1 ppm. A toxic effect was caused by concentrations between 30 and 40 ppm during embryogenesis and by concentrations above 40 ppm during larval development. A very conspicuous finding was an inhibiting effect of 20 to 40 ppm aniline on pigmentation during embryogenesis and of a concentration as low as 1 ppm on the body size of the young toads. In the case of potassium dichromate, it was possible to barely detect a weak development-inhibiting effect during embryogenesis but no development-retarding effect during larval development. Toxic effects of potassium dichromate occurred during embryogenesis at concentrations of 5 and 7.5 ppm and during the larval development at concentrations above 10 ppm. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid at a concentration of 50 ppm was found to have such a strong embryolethal effect that 80% of the eggs showed no cell division at all and the remaining 20% developed to only the bicellular stage. A teratogenic effect of this substance was not observed. Phenol, too, was found to be toxic at a concentration of 50 ppm; in contrast to sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, however, it did not show any lethal effect on the embryos but it did on the tadpoles, mainly in the first stages of larval development. Lower concentrations of phenol (5 and 10 ppm) had a nonsignificant inhibiting effect on the growth of the larvae. A teratogenic effect of phenol was not detected.

• Research Organization: Battelle-Institut e.V., Frankfurt am Main, Germany, F.R.
• OSTI ID: 6018401
• Journal Information: Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.; (United States), Vol. 13:3
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANILINE
TERATOGENESIS
TOXICITY
CHLORINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
DICHROMATES
FROGS
ONTOGENESIS
PHENOL
SULFONIC ACIDS
ANIMAL GROWTH
INHIBITION
PIGMENTS
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
TERATOGENS
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
AMINES
AMPHIBIANS
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
AROMATICS
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
GROWTH
HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology