Health implications of increased manganese in the environment resulting from the combustion of fuel additives: a review of the literature

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1984 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398409530561· OSTI ID:6003745

Cooper, W C

Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is effective in raising the octane level of gasoline and is currently used in Canada for that purpose in a maximal concentration of 18 mg Mn/l (slightly less than 0.07 g Mn/US gal). It has been estimated that if MMT were used in all US gasoline in these amounts, the median increase of Mn in ambient air would be not more than 0.05 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/, with increments generally less than 0.5 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ along urban corridors. Respirable manganese in ambient air due to MMT combustion would be many orders of magnitude below the concentrations associated with occupational manganism and respiratory problems and also below those reported in isolated episodes of respiratory symptoms in communities near ferromanganese plants. Evidence was reviewed on the possibilities of: (1) increased absorption of inhaled manganese compared with ingested manganese; (2) hypersusceptibility of infants and persons of advanced age; and (3) increased absorption associated with iron deficiency. Experimental animals that inhaled the combustion products of MMT in concentrations of approximately 10, 100, and 1000 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ for 9 mo did not show toxic effects, although there was temporary elevation of tissue levels of Mn. Rhesus monkeys, susceptible to the neurologic effects of Mn, showed no symptoms after inhaling the combustion products of MMT in concentrations of 100 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ for up to 66 wk. Monkeys exposed to 5000 ..mu..g Mn/m/sup 3/ also showed no symptoms.

• OSTI ID: 6003745
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 14:1; ISSN JTEHD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560305 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADDITIVES
AGE GROUPS
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMALS
CHILDREN
DATA
DATA COMPILATION
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELDERLY PEOPLE
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
FOOD
FUELS
GASOLINE
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
INFANTS
INFORMATION
INGESTION
INHALATION
INTAKE
IRON
LIQUID FUELS
MAMMALS
MANGANESE
METALS
MINORITY GROUPS
MONKEYS
NUMERICAL DATA
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION
POLLUTION SOURCES
POPULATIONS
PRIMATES
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
REVIEWS
RISK ASSESSMENT
SENSITIVITY
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VERTEBRATES