Source term estimates for synthetic fuels technologies: oil shale extraction technologies

Technical Report · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1986

OSTI ID:5999130

Development of the synthetic fuels industry has raised concerns relating to the risks involved in the potential release of toxic or hazardous substances in the production and utilization of synthetic fuels. The Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is currently performing both health and environmental risk assessments associated with three synthetic fuels technologies, namely, direct liquefaction, indirect liquefaction and oil shale processing. Synfuels processes evaluated in this effort are as follows: Direct coal liquefaction processes - H-Coal, SRC-I, SRC-II, and Exxon Donor Solvent (EDS); indirect coal liquefaction processes - Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthetis via Lurgi and Koppers-Totzek (K-T) gasification processes; and oil shale extraction processes - TOSCO II and Paraho. One key element of risk assessment is the characterization of streams of concern. Thus, ORNL has sponsored two tasks in order to (1) estimate the source terms for liquid synthetic fuel technologies, and (2) analyze the various aspects associated with utilization of synfuel products. Source term estimates are estimates of pollutant-specific emission rates associated with each waste stream (source). Pollutants are categorized according to pollutant/compound groupings, herein referred to as risk analysis units (RAUs) associated with specific health and environmental risks. The 38 RAUs of interest in this study are summarized in Table 1-1. This report presents the Task 1 results for oil shale extraction technologies (i.e., TOSCO II and Paraho). Base plant configurations evaluated in this report have been adapted from conceptual design information published in engineering analysis reports. 20 refs.

• Research Organization: TRW Energy Development Group, Redondo Beach, CA (USA). Energy Technology Div.
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-84OR21400
• OSTI ID: 5999130
• Report Number(s): ORNL/Sub-83-13817/3-01; ON: DE86006734
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products. Original copy available until stock is exhausted
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
PARAHO PROCESS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
RISK ASSESSMENT
TOSCO PROCESS
ARSENIC
BENZENE
CADMIUM
CARBON MONOXIDE
GASEOUS WASTES
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
HYDROCARBONS
LEAD
LIQUID WASTES
MERCURY
NICKEL
NITROGEN OXIDES
PARTICULATES
PHENOL
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION SOURCES
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SOLID WASTES
WASTE WATER
AROMATICS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CONTROL
ELEMENTS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
METALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTICLES
PHENOLS
SEMIMETALS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTES
WATER
041000* - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Environmental Aspects
040402 - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Surface Methods
520200 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
510200 - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)