The role of catalyst support on the activity of nickel for reforming methane with CO/sub 2/
Thermodynamic studies were conducted to determine the operating conditions needed to inhibit carbon deposition and nickel carbide formation as well as to study the possible solid state reactions within the catalysts in reforming methane with CO/sub 2/. Five nickel commercial catalysts, manufactured for steam reforming, on supports containing alumina in different forms were studied and their catalytic activity, selectivity and stability were established using different feed ratios, space velaties and temperatures. Fused ..cap alpha..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ was the only stable catalyst but yielded relatively lower conversion. Although ..gamma..-alumina partly reacted forming NiAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/ solid solution and partly transformed to ..cap alpha.. form with a resulted exothermic effect and drastic decrease in surface area, a decrease in conversion was not detected. ..cap alpha..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ in presence of mullite caused rapid irreversible deactivation due to the exothermic formation of NiAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/ which shatters the support. On the other hand the presence of ..cap alpha..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ in presence of MgAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/ or calcium aluminate gave high conversions which increase with time due to the formation of phases more active than metallic nickel. In both cases the resultant solid state reactions are endothermic and are accompanied by a decrease in surface area. In presence of MgAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/ the residual alumina forms NiAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/ which is soluble in MgAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/.
- OSTI ID:
- 5997547
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-870323-
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
ACTIVATION ENERGY
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
ALKANES
ALUMINATES
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CARBIDES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYST SUPPORTS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
HYDROCARBONS
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
KINETICS
MAGNESIUM
MATERIALS
METALS
METHANE
MINERALS
MIXTURES
MULLITE
NICKEL
NICKEL CARBIDES
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PRODUCTION
REACTION KINETICS
REFORMER PROCESSES
SOLID SOLUTIONS
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STEAM REFORMER PROCESSES
THERMODYNAMICS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS