A novel class of organosulfur electrodes for energy storage

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1989 · J. Electrochem. Soc.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096706· OSTI ID:5985089

Visco, S J; Mailhe, C C; DeJonghe, L C; Armand, M B

A broad class of organosulfur compounds is discussed which may offer unique advantages as positive storage electrodes in advanced battery systems. The organosulfur electrodes operate between ambient and 150/sup 0/C, are inexpensive, and inert to many metals. In addition, the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the organosulfur electrodes may be varied in a predictable way. At room temperature these materials may be crystalline, liquid, or polymeric. Batteries based on the novel organosulfur positive electrodes and sodium metal negative electrodes have theoretical energy densities ranging from 350 to 600 Wh/kg. The system which has to data been studied in most detail is the sodium/tetra-ethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) couple which has a theoretical energy density of 360 Wh/kg and an open-circuit voltage of 2.3 V. Laboratory cells have been assembled and tested with maximum practical energy densities of over 110 Wh/kg at zero current drain and volumetric energy densities of 0.196 Wh/cm/sup 3/. These cells have been cycled between 10 and 90% of available capacity at power densities of 6 Wh/kg at an energy density of 80 Wh/kg and overall energy efficiency of 75%. Some experimental batteries delivered peak power densities of 40-60 W/kg for a period of a minute or more. Further, preliminary testing of batteries using simple alkyl disulfide electrodes have resulted in full charge/discharge cycles at current densities of 10 mAcm/sup 2/ at 105/sup 0/c.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA). Materials and Chemical Sciences Div.
• OSTI ID: 5985089
• Journal Information: J. Electrochem. Soc.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Electrochem. Soc.; (United States) Vol. 136:3; ISSN JESOA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
250902 -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Performance & Testing
250903* -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Materials
Components
& Auxiliaries
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400400 -- Electrochemistry
ALKALI METALS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMISTRY
CURRENT DENSITY
DATA
EFFICIENCY
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
ELECTRODES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY STORAGE
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
INFORMATION
MATERIALS TESTING
METALS
NUMERICAL DATA
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
SODIUM
STORAGE
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TESTING
THEORETICAL DATA