Mobile source inventory of benzene emissions in the State of California
In response to the environmental concern regarding benzene as an air contaminant, a statewide mobile source emission inventory was developed. Calculations are based on the evaporative and exhaust benzene fraction of total hydrocarbon emitted from each vehicle class. Exhaust benzene fractions of light-duty passenger vehicles (which generate the majority of THC emissions from mobile sources) were calculated as .023 for diesel vehicles, .028 for vehicles equipped with oxidation catalysts, .042 for non-catalyst vehicles, and .055 for vehicles equipped with three-way catalysts. Evaporative benzene fractions were assumed to be .012 for all gasoline-powered vehicles and zero for diesel-powdered vehicles. Evaporative benzene emissions were found to contribute approximately 13% of statewide benzene emissions from mobile sources, and the remainder contributed by exhaust emissions. Two scenarios were utilized to estimate benzene emissions to the year 2000. Scenario 1 treated all catalyst-equipped light-duty passenger vehicles as having a benzene fraction identical to that of oxidation catalysts, whereas Scenario 2 subdivided catalyst-equipped vehicles into those with oxidation catalysts and those with three-way catalysts. Some of the more important issues requiring further study include: 1) the contribution of malfunctioning vehicles to the benzene emissions inventory, 2) a more detailed look at the level of exhaust benzene emitted from three-way catalyst vehicles, and 3) the relationship of exhaust benzene to its fuel content, combustion, and catalysis.
- OSTI ID:
- 5965802
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
330700* -- Advanced Propulsion Systems-- Emission Control
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
AROMATICS
AUTOMOBILES
BENZENE
CALIFORNIA
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
CONTROL
DIESEL ENGINES
ENGINES
EQUIPMENT
EXHAUST GASES
FEDERAL REGION IX
FLUIDS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAT ENGINES
HYDROCARBONS
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
NORTH AMERICA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
USA
VEHICLES
WASTES