Long-term ecosystem stress: the effects of years of experimental acidification on a small lake

Journal Article · Fri Jun 21 04:00:00 EDT 1985 · Science (Washington, D.C.); (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.228.4706.1395· OSTI ID:5944978

Schindler, D W; Mills, K H; Malley, D F; Findlay, D L; Shearer, J A; Davies, I J; Turner, M A; Linsey, G A; Cruikshank, D R

Experimental acidification of a small lake from an original pH value of 6.8 to 5.0 over an 8-year period caused a number of dramatic changes in the lake's food web. Changes in phytoplankton species, cessation of fish reproduction, disappearance of the benthic crustaceans, and appearance of filamentous algae in the littoral zone were consistent with deductions from synoptic surveys of lakes in regions of high acid deposition. Contrary to what had been expected from synoptic surveys, acidification of Lake 223 did not cause decreases in primary production, rates of decomposition, or nutrient concentrations. Key organisms in the food web leading to lake trout, including Mysis relicta and Pimephales promelas, were eliminated from the lake at pH values as high as 5.8, an indication that irreversible stresses on aquatic ecosystems occur earlier in the acidification process than was heretofore believed. These changes are caused by hydrogen ion alone, and not by the secondary effect of aluminum toxicity. Since no species of fish reproduced at pH values below 5.4, the lake would become fishless within about a decade on the basis of the natural mortalities of the most long-lived species. 45 references, 2 figures.

• Research Organization: Freshwater Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba
• OSTI ID: 5944978
• Journal Information: Science (Washington, D.C.); (United States), Journal Name: Science (Washington, D.C.); (United States) Vol. 228:6; ISSN SCIEA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

520200* -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560302 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
560304 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Invertebrates-- (-1987)
560305 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACIDIFICATION
ALGAE
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
ARTHROPODS
BIOLOGICAL STRESS
CONTAMINATION
CRUSTACEANS
ECOSYSTEMS
FISHES
FOOD CHAINS
INVERTEBRATES
LAKES
PH VALUE
PHYTOPLANKTON
PLANKTON
PLANTS
PRODUCTIVITY
SURFACE WATERS
TROUT
VERTEBRATES