Interpretation of interspecies differences in the biodistribution of radioactive agents
The biodistribution of some radioactive agents is anomalous and unpredictable from one species to another. However, many agents follow a general pattern of rapid clearance from the blood and total body in small rodents, intermediate clearance in the dog and monkey and slower clearance in man. A major determinant of this interspecies difference is the shorter mean circulation time (blood volume/cardiac output) in smaller animals. To permit comparisons between mammals of varying size, many physiological and metabolic parameters, and stable drug effects have been expressed as power functions with exponents less than 1 (rather than linear functions) of body weight W, or body surface area. Frequency functions such as heart and respiratory rates have been correlated with negative power functions of body weight. The plasma clearances of chemotherapeutic agents in different species has been successfully normalized by altering the time dimension according to power functions of body weight. A similar procedure has been explored to normalize blood and total body clearances of various diagnostic radioactive agents in animals and man. Time equivalent units were derived from W/sup 33/ animal / W/sup 33/ man. The method failed, however for agents with a predominantly intracellular localization or undergoing active cellular transport (such as T1-201 or I-131 Hippuran). Nonetheless, this approach appears useful in distinguishing interspecies variability merely due to body size from interspecies metabolic variations.
- Research Organization:
- Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY
- OSTI ID:
- 5919530
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-801082-; TRN: 82-003968
- Journal Information:
- HHS Publ. (FDA) (U.S.); (United States), Vol. 81-8166; Conference: ORAU radiopharmaceutical dosimetry symposium, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, 6 Oct 1980
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
TEMPORAL DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS
BIOLOGICAL LOCALIZATION
BLOOD CIRCULATION
BLOOD-PLASMA CLEARANCE
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
EXTRAPOLATION
HIPPURAN
IODINE 131
ISOMERIC NUCLEI
LABORATORY ANIMALS
PATIENTS
TECHNETIUM 99
THALLIUM 201
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CLEARANCE
CONTRAST MEDIA
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
HEAVY NUCLEI
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
IODINE ISOTOPES
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
NUCLEI
NUMERICAL SOLUTION
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
THALLIUM ISOTOPES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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