Energy and angular distributions of neutrons from 90 MeV proton and 140 MeV alpha-particle bombardment of nuclei
We measured neutron time-of-flight spectra from 90 MeV protons and 140 MeV alpha particles bombarding thin targets of Al, Ni, Zr, and Bi at laboratory angles between 20/sup 0/ and 135/sup 0/. The low-energy (5 to 45 MeV) portions of the spectra were measured with 5 cm diameter by 5 cm deep NE-213 counters at 1 m flight paths with n-..gamma.. pulse-shape discrimination. The high-energy (35 to 150 MeV) portions of the spectra were measured with 12.7 cm diameter by 10.2 cm deep NE-102 counters at flight paths of 2.0 to 5.0 m. The proton-induced measured neutron spectra reveal three distinct energy regions: a low-energy evaporation region, a high-energy region dominated by the quasifree scattering process, and an intermediate-energy region dominated by multistep, preequilibrium processes. In the latter two regions, the spectra show strong angular dependence. The alpha-particle induced neutron spectra show these same distinct energy regions plus an exponential falloff above the beam energy per nucleon. The neutron spectra are compared with earlier proton spectra produced also by 90 MeV protons and 140 MeV alpha particles. It is observed that the high-energy portions of the forward-angle neutron and proton cross sections are in ratios consistent with the idea that single nucleon-nucleon scattering dominates. For the heavy-mass targets, the low-energy evaporation regions show neutron yields larger than proton yields. The proton-to-neutron ratios observed in the high-energy continua are interpreted with a quasifree calculation fitted simultaneously to the proton and the neutron spectra. Preequilibrium calculations with the exciton model and the hybrid model reproduce the shape of the experimental angle-integrated energy spectra down to lower energies than the quasifree calculations. The exciton model calculations underestimate the magnitudes of the cross sections, while the hybrid model provides better absolute agreement.
- Research Organization:
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
- OSTI ID:
- 5909847
- Journal Information:
- Phys. Rev. C; (United States), Journal Name: Phys. Rev. C; (United States) Vol. 28:1; ISSN PRVCA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
ALPHA REACTIONS
ALUMINIUM 27 TARGET
ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION
BARYON REACTIONS
BISMUTH 209 TARGET
CHARGED-PARTICLE REACTIONS
CROSS SECTIONS
DATA
DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS
DIRECT REACTIONS
DISTRIBUTION
ENERGY RANGE
ENERGY SPECTRA
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HADRON REACTIONS
IMPULSE APPROXIMATION
INFORMATION
MEV RANGE
MEV RANGE 10-100
MEV RANGE 100-1000
NEUTRON SPECTRA
NICKEL 58 TARGET
NUCLEAR CASCADES
NUCLEAR REACTIONS
NUCLEON REACTIONS
NUMERICAL DATA
PARTIAL WAVES
PRECOMPOUND-NUCLEUS EMISSION
PROTON REACTIONS
QUASI-FREE REACTIONS
SPECTRA
TARGETS
ZIRCONIUM 90 TARGET