Surfactant flooding augmentation of pump-and-treat remediation of NAPL sources
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Lab., Ada, OK (United States)
There are many sites known to be contaminated with nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPL). NAPLs represent a long-term source of ground-water contamination dependent on the rate of dissolution of the NAPL into the ground water and the velocity at which it is carried downgradient. At sites where NAPL exists, conventional pump-and-treat may provide inadequate remediation because the mass of contaminant as NAPL is very large compared to the mass of contaminant removed per pore volume when present at aqueous solubility. Surfactant flooding techniques may be an appropriate augmentation to conventional pump-and-treat remediation that could increase the mass of contaminant per pore volume by orders of magnitude above aqueous solubility. There are many issues which must be addressed before surfactant flooding to solubilize or mobilize NAPL can be objectively evaluated. Rigorous studies are being conducted by many research groups aimed at objectively evaluating these issues. This presentation will endeavor to clarify the two mechanisms of surfactant flooding remediation, delineation the advantages and disadvantages of each mechanism, and present data that have been recently collected directly related to the issues identified as being critical to the evaluation of this technology.
- OSTI ID:
- 5897494
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9310166--
- Journal Information:
- Ground Water; (United States), Journal Name: Ground Water; (United States) Vol. 31:5; ISSN GRWAAP; ISSN 0017-467X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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