Prevention reference manual: chemical specific. Volume 2. Control of accidental releases of ammonia. Final report, November 1986-June 1987

Technical Report · Sat Aug 01 04:00:00 EDT 1987

OSTI ID:5893285

Davis, D S; DeWolf, G B; Quass, J D; Stohs, M

This report discusses the control of accidental releases of ammonia to the atmosphere. Ammonia has an IDLH (immediately dangerous to life and health) concentration of 500 ppm, making it an acute toxic hazard. Reducing the risk associated with an accidental release of ammonia involves identifying some of the potential causes of accidental releases that apply to process facilities that use ammonia. This manual identifies examples of potential causes and measures that may be taken to reduce the accidental-release risk. Such measures include recommendations on: plant design practices; prevention, protection, and mitigation technologies; and operation and maintenance practices. Conceptual cost estimates of example prevention, protection, and mitigation measures are provided. The accidental release of a toxic chemical at Bhopal, India, in 1984 was a milestone in creating increased public awareness of toxic release problems. As a result of other, perhaps less dramatic, incidents in the past, portions of the chemical industry were aware of the problem long before Bhopal.

• Research Organization: Radian Corp., Austin, TX (USA)
• OSTI ID: 5893285
• Report Number(s): PB-87-231262/XAB; DCN-87-203-023-94-15
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500200* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ACCIDENTS
AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
AIR QUALITY
AMMONIA
CONTROL
DESIGN
DOCUMENT TYPES
EMISSION
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
HYDRIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
MAINTENANCE
MANUALS
MATERIALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
POLLUTION ABATEMENT
POLLUTION CONTROL
TOXICITY