Chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of welders and characterization of their exposure by biological samples analysis

Journal Article · Mon May 01 04:00:00 EDT 1989 · JOM, J. Occup. Med.; (United States)

OSTI ID:5877132

Elias, Z; Mur, J M; Pierre, F; Gilgenkrantz, S; Schneider, O; Baruthio, F; Daniere, M C; Fontana, J M

Chromosomal aberrations in cultured lymphocytes obtained from 55 welders and 55 matched controls were analyzed. Depending on the welding techniques and the nature of the consumables and metals welded, three separate groups of welders were examined. Chromium, nickel, and manganese levels in serum and urine were measured to assess the exposure to welding fumes. A statistically significant increase of chromosomal aberrations was found in one of the three analyzed groups of welders. This group used the semi-automatic metal active gas welding process with cored wire containing nickel for welding mild steel. These welders had significantly higher concentrations of serum and urine manganese and, unlike the other welders, significantly elevated concentrations of nickel, both in serum and urine. However, no significant correlations between nickel or manganese levels and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations were found. There was a significant correlation between the length of welding employment of these welders and the frequency of chromosomal breaks, although there was no significant correlation between age and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. The other two groups of welders, for which the analyses of biologic fluids proved chromium and manganese exposure, had no statistically significant higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations. One of these groups used the manual metal arc welding process with coated electrodes for welding mainly mild steel and the other group used the tungsten inert gas welding process for welding stainless steel. A significant correlation between the daily amount of cigarettes smoked and the frequency of chromosomal breakages, in controls as in welders, was observed. The present data indicate that certain welding processes may generate fumes that seem to have a clastogenic activity.

• Research Organization: National Institute for Research and Safety (INRS), Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy (France)
• OSTI ID: 5877132
• Journal Information: JOM, J. Occup. Med.; (United States), Journal Name: JOM, J. Occup. Med.; (United States) Vol. 31:5; ISSN JJOMD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMAL CELLS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CHROMIUM
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
ELEMENTS
FABRICATION
GENETIC EFFECTS
JOINING
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MANGANESE
MATERIALS
METALS
MUTATION FREQUENCY
MUTATIONS
NICKEL
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
PERSONNEL
POLLUTION
RISK ASSESSMENT
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WELDING