Multispectral identification of potentially hazardous by-products of ozonation and chlorination. Part 1. Studies of chromatographic and spectroscopic properties of MX
The gas chromatographic (GC) and Fourier transform infrared and mass spectroscopic (FT-IR and MS, respectively) properties of (Z)-2-chloro-3-(dichloromethyl)-4-oxobutenoic acid (MX) (a highly mutagenic byproduct of drinking water chlorination) and several related compounds were studied. Specifically, MX, the methyl ester of MX (MX-OMe), and three MX-model compounds--mucochloric acid (MCA), mucobromic acid (MBA), and 2,4-(3H,5H)-furandione (2,4 FD)--were analyzed on the GC/FT-IR and GC/MS systems. A concentration study of MX on the GC/FT-IR system revealed a minimum identifiable quantity of approximately 10 ng, with linear response over the range of 10 to 600 ng. MX was stable to approximately 260 C. The thermal decomposition product produced above that temperature was tentatively identified by GC/MS as 2-(dichloromethyl)-3-chloro-2-propenal. The GC/FT-IR detector response for 600 ng of MX was compared to that of 600 ng of MX that had been methylated. The ratio of the detector response indicated that the methylation efficiency was, at best, 40%. Additionally, several extracts of chlorinations of dissolved organic material were analyzed. No MX was detected. The approximate extraction efficiencies of MX and MCA were determined for several organic solvents, of which ethyl acetate was the most efficient for both compounds.
- Research Organization:
- Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA (USA). Environmental Research Lab.
- OSTI ID:
- 5868222
- Report Number(s):
- PB-91-161703/XAB; EPA-600/4-91/004
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
DRINKING WATER
DECONTAMINATION
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
BY-PRODUCTS
CHLORINATION
FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROMETERS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
PYROLYSIS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
WATER POLLUTION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CLEANING
DECOMPOSITION
EXTRACTION
HALOGENATION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SPECTROMETERS
SPECTROSCOPY
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WATER
540320* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)