A catalog of perturbing influences on stratospheric ozone, 1955-1975. Final report, 15 April 1977-15 October 1978
Stratospheric ozone depends on the stratospheric concentrations of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), oxides of hydrogen (HOx), chlorine and bromine compounds (ClX and BrX), as well as on the flux of solar ultraviolet radiation, the stratospheric temperature, and the parameters of stratospheric dynamics. There exist worldwide data on the total burden of atmospheric ozone since about 1955, and for comparison of these data with calculations using two-dimensional radiative/chemical/dynamics computer codes, a list is needed and is here presented of all major time-varying perturbations that have been suggested over the time frame 1955-1975. Detailed consideration is given to the following: atmospheric nuclear explosions, galactic cosmic rays, solar proton events, relativistic (or energetic) electron precipitation, major volcanic eruptions, halocarbons (fluoro-, chloro-, and bromocarbons), fertilizer manufacture, and other industrial nitrogen fixation. For sources injected directly into the stratosphere, the time-, altitude-, and latitude-dependent source strengths are listed, while for the ground-based sources the time- and latitude-dependent production and atmospheric emission rates are given. Time variations of solar UV (which represent perhaps the most important single perturbation) and of stratospheric temperature, and possible variations in stratospheric dynamics are also discussed.
- Research Organization:
- Institute for Defense Analyses, Arlington, VA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- DOT-FA77WA-3965
- OSTI ID:
- 5867520
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-063650
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
GENERAL PHYSICS
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
STRATOSPHERE
DISTURBANCES
ATMOSPHERIC EXPLOSIONS
CATALOGS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
COSMIC RADIATION
ELECTRON PRECIPITATION
FERTILIZER INDUSTRY
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
NITROGEN FIXATION
NITROGEN OXIDES
NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS
OZONE
SOLAR PROTONS
SOLAR RADIATION
TIME DEPENDENCE
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
VOLCANOES
WATER VAPOR
BARYONS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGED-PARTICLE PRECIPITATION
DOCUMENT TYPES
EARTH ATMOSPHERE
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
EXPLOSIONS
FERMIONS
FLUIDS
GASES
HADRONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRY
IONIZING RADIATIONS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NUCLEONS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PEROXIDES
PROTONS
RADIATIONS
SOLAR PARTICLES
STELLAR RADIATION
VAPORS
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